INFORMATION AND DIGITAL SECURITY OF E-COMMERCE

Abstract

In the digital age, e-commerce has become an essential component of the global economy, enabling businesses and consumers to interact and transact across borders in real time. However, with this rapid development comes an increasing number of risks and vulnerabilities that threaten the stability and security of digital trade. This article presents a detailed examination of the key aspects of information and digital security in the context of e-commerce. The research focuses on the most critical cyber threats currently affecting the industry, such as phishing schemes, denial-of-service attacks, ransomware, account takeovers, and unauthorized access to sensitive user data and payment information. These threats can cause significant financial losses, reputational damage, legal consequences, and a general decline in consumer trust. The article outlines the importance of developing and implementing comprehensive cybersecurity strategies that involve not only technical tools but also organizational measures and employee training programs. Technologies such as end-to-end encryption, public key infrastructure (PKI), intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDPS), secure socket layer (SSL)/transport layer security (TLS) protocols, blockchain-based transaction monitoring, and artificial intelligence (AI)-powered anomaly detection systems are discussed as effective methods of safeguarding e-commerce platforms. In addition, the research explores regulatory and legal frameworks, including the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), the NIS2 Directive, and emerging Ukrainian cybersecurity standards aimed at harmonization with European Union legislation. The study also considers the role of international cooperation in combating cybercrime and improving global cyber resilience. Special attention is paid to the cybersecurity challenges faced by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) due to limited resources and the lack of specialized IT staff. The authors argue for the adoption of affordable, scalable, and adaptive cybersecurity solutions that allow SMEs to remain competitive and secure in a constantly evolving threat landscape. Furthermore, the article emphasizes the need for consumer education in recognizing online threats, maintaining secure digital behavior, and using secure payment systems. In conclusion, the study provides practical recommendations for building a resilient, secure, and trustworthy digital environment that supports the sustainable development of electronic commerce.