IPO: GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT TRENDS AND UKRAINIAN REALITIES

Abstract

A feature of the current stage of development of the Ukrainian and world economy is the emergence of new tools. Their application is a condition for further development and use of potential opportunities for improvement of economic systems. Thanks to orientation to modern trends and timely reaction to the latest achievements, enterprises are able to meet the modern needs and challenges of the market. This article is devoted to the issue of the initial placement of shares of companies on stock exchanges, which, strictly speaking, is a relatively new tool. The relevance of this topic lies in the fact that the financial market of Ukraine in general and the capital market in particular are currently at the initial stage of development, which is characterized by a low level of trading activity, the lack of concentration of trade and the speculative nature of the transactions carried out. Domestic issuers are forced to enter international capital markets. That is why the alternative is attracting financial resources through the exit of domestic companies to foreign stock markets, which is gradually increasing in volume. The purpose of this article is to analyze the global IPO market, because the positive effect for the country can be reflected in the activation of innovation processes, an increase in economic investments, the creation of new jobs on the labor market, and the improvement of the country's reputation. Ukrainian companies and the country can get a significant positive effect if they use IPO. The essence of the concept of "Initial Public Offering" is provided. The main reasons for entering the stock exchanges of the world have been determined. The rating of the world's leading stock exchanges is shown. The mechanism of business exit to the global stock markets is characterized step by step. Examples of successful experience of companies that have carried out an IPO are given. The advantages and disadvantages of the status of a public company are also considered. The exit of Ukrainian companies to the stock exchanges of the world was analyzed. The main trends of the global IPO market in recent years are considered.