ASPECTS OF ECONOMIC SUBSTANTIATION OF INNOVATIVE PROCESSES IN CROP PRODUCTION
Abstract
The article investigates the theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of economic substantiation of innovation processes in the field of crop production in the context of modern challenges of the agro-industrial complex. The relevance of the study is due to the need to develop effective approaches to the evaluation and implementation of innovations in crop production, taking into account the specifics of the industry and the requirements of sustainable development. The purpose of the study is to formulate a methodological approach to the economic justification of innovation processes in crop production, which ensures an optimal balance of economic, environmental and social aspects of innovation. The methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach, methods of scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis, comparative analysis, and a tabular method of presenting results. The study systematizes the key features of innovation processes in the agricultural sector, including their biological nature, seasonality, territorial dispersion and complexity. A classification of innovations in crop production by type (breeding and genetic, technological, technical, organizational and economic) and degree of novelty is proposed. A methodological approach to the economic justification of innovations has been developed, which is based on the assessment of the full life cycle of innovation, taking into account the principles of sustainable development and the use of modern information technologies. The necessity of taking into account the synergistic effect of implementing a set of innovations and assessing their impact on the competitiveness of products is substantiated. A methodology for calculating the economic effect of innovation is proposed, which takes into account changes in yields, product quality, production costs, as well as environmental and social impacts of innovation. The practical value of the study lies in the development of specific methodological recommendations for assessing the economic efficiency of innovative solutions in crop production, which can be used by agricultural enterprises of various forms of management to justify investment decisions and optimize innovation activities. The proposed approach makes it possible to increase the efficiency of making managerial decisions on the introduction of innovations and ensure the competitiveness of domestic crop production in the world market. The results of the study can be used in the development of programs for the innovative development of agricultural enterprises, the formation of investment policy and the substantiation of measures of state support for innovative activities in the field of crop production.
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