ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES OF NORTHERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES AS A BENCHMARK FOR THE POST-WAR ECONOMIC RECOVERY OF UKRAINE

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the features of modern development strategies of the most powerful countries of the Northern European bloc - Finland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Iceland. It follows from the article that at the current stage of development, these countries are betting not only on innovative technologies in the classical sense, but also on technologies that reduce man-made impact on the environment. The corresponding doctrine was called the "green course". In general, the new "green course" is not so much about ecology as about the transition to a higher economic structure and the creation of prerequisites for sustainable development in the long term. The economic programs and strategies of the countries of the Northern European bloc contain both common provisions that are quite universal not only for these countries, but also for a number of other most developed countries in Europe, as well as unique components related mainly to increasing the efficiency of the use of resources inherent for a single state. The "European Green Pact" is rather a framework document that defines the general direction of transformations in the specified areas. As for industrial development, the Industrial Alliances program, which includes a list of Important Projects of Common European Interest, is devoted to these issues at the level of the European Commission. At the beginning of 2021, the European Commission announced the launch of a new industrial alliance aimed at the development of such sectors as: the development of microprocessors and semiconductor technologies, the development of industrial databases and cloud technologies, spacecraft launch systems and "clean" aviation. That is, sectors in which the EU feels significant dependence on external suppliers. An important feature revealed by a more detailed study of the list of projects of common European interest is that its implementation covers the production capacities such countries as: Finland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Iceland. And these countries have the most comprehensive programs of economic and industrial development at the national level.