BIOECONOMY AS A VECTOR OF INCLUSIVE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE FORMATION OF HUMAN CAPITAL

Abstract

The article examines the bioeconomy as a vector of inclusive development. The problem of overpopulation is identified. Due to the expansion of social protection systems and medical services, there have been changes in the structure of the population. In the member states of the European Union, an increase in life expectancy and a decrease in fertility can be observed, a reality that should be seen from the point of view of human capital as the accumulation of human capital with knowledge and rich experience useful for creating wealth. It is substantiated that the bioeconomy is emerging as a form of support for sustainable economic development in the context of limited quantitative and qualitative resources, climate change and environmental degradation. The bioeconomy is understood as the efficient and rational use of natural resources that are crucial for inclusive economic development. The purpose of the bioeconomy is to promote the use of renewable biological resources and alternative energy sources as input resources in technological processes, environmental protection and socio-economic development. It is determined that the European Commission defines a strategy for promoting the bioeconomy, the main areas of which are: food security, sustainability of natural resources, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, climate change mitigation, support for competitiveness and job creation. It promotes inclusive economic development in the formation of human capital. The bioeconomy provides a degree of security through the protection and efficient use of resources, and through the development of new forms of economic activity, which leads to an increase in added value and promotes income redistribution.The biomass production in the European Union countries is analyzed. The structure of employment of 17.42 million workers in the bioeconomy sectors and the distribution of 657 billion euros of added value in the structure of the EU bioeconomy sectors are illustrated. A quantitative assessment of the bioeconomy in the EU is provided, based on the value of turnover and the number of employees in this sector. The empirical results show that the largest share of bioeconomy sectors are productive, with the greatest successes achieved in the agricultural sector and the food, beverage and tobacco industries.